การลดโอกาสการสูญเสียรายได้ของชุมชนโดยการสร้างห่วงโซ่คุณค่าใหม่สำหรับปลากุเลาเพื่อพัฒนาเศรษฐกิจฐานราก อำเภอหนองจิก จังหวัดปัตตานี

Title

Reducing the chance of losing community income by creating a new value chain for Fourfinger threadfin to develop the grassroots economy at Nong Chik district in Pattani province

Keywords

Value chain,Fourfinger threadfin,Grassroots economy

Abstract

Reducing the chance of loss of income of fish-related businesses about Pla Kulao (threadfins) in Nong Chik District in Pattani Province by developing the potential/capability of local fishermen groups and salted threadfins processing enterprises to be able to manage resources efficiently. The purpose was to increase the circulation of the economy in the area with the system of research management mechanisms of Yala Rajabhat University in working with network partners. The upstream action was to increase the potential of three artisanal fishery groups, totaling 190 people. This created a model for managing fisheries groups for resource conservation fisheries, creation of welfare for members, establishment of a community-based coastal fisheries learning center and establishing the rules of the community “Hukum Pakat”. It was to increase fish quality stratification skills and the ability to be a gatherer, which made local fishermen earn 2,126,280 Baht (an increase of 28.63%). Midstream was to increase the capabilities of two processing enterprise groups by developing the “Production pland System” which allowed the enterprises to increase their production capacity by 53.66 -61.70 percent. Setting up characteristics of identity and controlling standards of Nong Chik salted threadfins consisted of appearance, body weight, chemical and microbial characteristics. Development of a wastewater management system in salted threadfins production process to reduce wastewater discharge into the environment, including the creation of the BATAWA standard symbol for salted threadfins, which could increase the value of salted threadfins from the original 700-1,100 Baht per kilogram to 1,000-1,100 Baht per kilogram. The use of technology in reducing limitations of production by developing drying cabinet with combined solar energy and electricity could increase production capacity by 274 kg/month or 33.33 percent compared to conventional drying method. Downstream was to increase the capacity of three groups of distributors or aquatic animal processing enterprises by designing product brands and packaging, namely Baan Anita, Sri Baru and Pla Mong. Development of online channels via Facebook page and Line in product launch and sold through marketing intermediaries could increase the selling price of the product to 1,200-1,400 Baht per kilogram. In addition, the development of new entrepreneurs in the area to be producers and distributors of cut salted threadfins could increase the price to 1,800 Baht per kilogram. In this regard, the research to create a new value chain (New Value Chain) of threadfins during October 2021-September 2022, the local fishermen were able to catch 8,370 kilograms of threadfins (sold at a price of 240-250 Baht per kilogram, a total value of at least 2,000,000 Baht), and 5,198 kilograms (62.1%) were processed in the area, generating an income of at least 6,000,000 Baht. The new value chain was between 1.25 -4.50 times, creating a career for 286 people in the community. Therefore, the development of the foundation economy of Nong Chik District in Pattani Province by using local resources, Pla Kulao (threadfins), was a career development to solve the poverty problem of the people. It also promoted the persistence of marine resources that created food security in the area. It also preserved the way of life of local fishermen and the wisdom of boat building that had been passed on from generation to generation, which was also the cultural capital of the area.