การวิจัยเพื่อพัฒนาพื้นที่เพื่อแก้ไขปัญหาความยากจนแบบเบ็ดเสร็จและแม่นยำ ในพื้นที่จังหวัดชัยนาท

Title

Collaboration Integrated Area development for solve absolute poverty. Case study in Kalasin Province

Keywords

Area Based Development,Poverty,Poverty..information

Abstract

The research project for area-based development towards comprehensive and precise poverty alleviation in Chainat province had the main purpose to develop a comprehensive poverty alleviation process and model by means of poverty data system development, poverty alleviation assistance monitoring, and operating model development for poverty alleviation. This was supported by designing mechanisms, research methodology and area-based development tools in accommodating works on poverty alleviation assistance. Household data were monitored, analyzed and synthesized along with the enhancement of area-based development mechanisms and the integration of poverty alleviation collaboration. The policy proposals were made on the basis of participatory action research (PAR) involving all sectors: government, private, civil society and communities. The following results were found: 1) A total of 4,601 targeted poor households were searched and reviewed indicating that 2,094 households were from the Thai People Map and Analytics Platform (TPMAP) database, while the other 2,507 households with hard livelihood conditions were confirmed by the community. Most target households had hard livelihood conditions. “They had no income but, if they had one, their income was inconstant. They had no agricultural land or had one but they held no land ownership. They faced agricultural water access problem. Most of their employment was labor. They failed to utilize natural resources in their livelihood or income earning, and used no information and communication devises in their livelihood.” With respect to 5 dimensions of Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF), the social aspect accounted for the lowest mean score (1.36). Most targeted household had no participation in community management, activities, and social group. Certain guidelines or regulations such as rules, Community Charter, management, organizations, groups or community institutions were initiated via various community participation. This depended on main leader. In addition, the physical capital accounted for the highest mean score (2.83). A majority of households had their own accommodations, which were moderately strong, hygienic, as well as equipped with basic utilities, electricity and water supply. However, some of them had no Internet access. 2) The quality process of search and review emerged from the participation of various local sectors in: (1) building local collaboration mechanisms on the part of province and district; (2) creating a data survey and review team; (3) surveying and reviewing data of targeted households, and (4) monitoring and inspecting the accuracy, completeness and reliability of data to achieve “quality data”. 3) The assistance data were passed on in 2 manners: (1) transfer of data according to the agency’s missions, and (2) project development under the agencys plans/projects to provide the targeted poor households with assistance at municipal, district and provincial level. 4) Poverty alleviation mechanisms were introduced such as joint collaboration between community data managers and partners in poverty alleviation networks. 5) There were 2 important attributes of poor households’ needs. (1) Having a livable life: they had basic subsistence in a quality manner: adequate food, strong dwelling, state and community welfare access according to individual rights. (2) Having a good life: they had self-improvement opportunities in terms of employment, vocational skills and income. 6) Actions for poverty alleviation were proceeded with the use of important data on (1) capital of the poor’s potentials (sustainable livelihood) and (2) community’s potentials and context of changes facilitating problem-solving guideline development. It created collaborative learning forum for opportunity analysis and poverty alleviation guideline development. It was a collaborative learning space for the poor, community leaders and local authorities to acquire the understanding of situations; initiate solutions; and engage in poverty alleviation collaboration. The community data managers created collaborative learning process in the forum for a joint analysis of alternatives in making a decision to design the following poverty alleviation models based on community capital and potentials of the poor. (1) Poverty Innovation “Goats with Million Income” was steered by community data managers in establishing “Community Enterprise of Po Ngam Vocational Development Group” where community leader potentials, capital, resources, and strength of community group were the strong point used by the community in driving entrepreneurship. The important models for poverty alleviation were as follows: 1. The job was designed on the basis of links to the capital of livelihood and of community context. 2. A business that the poor people jointly owned and gained benefits in light of income from the work/employment. 3. The research-based knowledge was truly applied to the real manufacturing and further development of business/enterprise. 4. The product had both internal and external marketing potentials. There were 149 target households participating. (2) Large-scale farm management was for households that had no agricultural land but they possessed farming skills. Large-scale cultivation land enabled them to create food security and generate income under the concept of “community generosity through development-waiting households towards dependent households”. (3) Rice Fund was for dependent households to have adequate rice for consumption, while welfare money could be spent in the other aspects of livelihood and in quality of life improvement such as food or medicine purchase or commuting expenses for doctor visits. (4) Poverty Relief Fund served as a “Microfinance” for development-waiting households. Profits earned from operations of poverty alleviation enterprise groups were jointly managed to foster the accessibility to funding sources for career development. (5) D Home Technician Network: Labor Hub for Skillful Households was for matching households that possessed technician skills and attended entrepreneurship up-skill programs with the ones looking for house repair service/technicians or with those poor ones that lacked labor but their budget for house maintenance materials was supported by the Community Organization Development Institute. 7) The characteristics of poverty alleviation models allowed the poor to have the participation and to engage in self-development. 1) Activities were carried out on the basis of links to the data on livelihood capital and on community context. 2) Activities that the poor could jointly own and received benefits in light of income from work/employment. 3) The knowledge based on research was applied to the real manufacturing and expanded to a business/enterprise. 4) The product boasted of internal and external marketing potentials. 8) The links between poverty alleviation actions and local plans had to be initiated with mutual approval of people in the community towards the development of community’s plans and local administrative organization’s development plans This would help projects to receive constant budget supports and achieve further development resulting in a sustainable operation in the long term. Therefore, the development of poverty alleviation models based on the potentials and household capital base of the poor and the community focused on the expansion of the area of operations to disseminate employment opportunities and to generate income for poor households. Poverty alleviation innovations were also developed in terms of basic livelihood, entrepreneurship, human capital enhancement, economic and social capital so that the targeted poor households would have better quality of life, earn income and be employed.