การพัฒนาเพื่อยกระดับอาชีพเกษตรกรและสร้างทางเลือกอาชีพใหม่รองรับคนว่างงานและคนที่ได้รับผลกระทบจากโควิด-19 พื้นที่จังหวัดนครราชสีมาด้วยการใช้ความรู้ วิทยาศาสตร์ เทคโนโลยี และนวัตกรรม (โคราชโมเดล)

Title

Development of enhancing farmers’ careers and creating new career options for the unemployed people together people affected by COVID-19 in Nakhon Ratchasima Province area using knowledge of science, technology and innovation (Korat Model)

Keywords

Enhancing farmers’ careers,creating new career options,the unemployed people,COVID-19,Nakhon Ratchasima Province,Korat Model

Abstract

The research program of “development to upgrade farmers careers and create new career options for the unemployed and those affected by COVID-19 in Nakhon Ratchasima province by using knowledge, science, technology, and innovation (Korat Model)” was developed on the problem issues obtained and the pandemic situation in Nakhon Ratchasima province. The research was carried out through the cooperation of the network partners for the development of Nakhon Ratchasima Province to jointly solve problems that arise with the majority of people affected by the rapidly changing situation, uncertain economic situation, and the pandemic of the covid-19 virus. Affected people included unemployed people due to the impact of the Covid-19 situation, and grassroots farmers groups in each community of Nakhon Ratchasima Province. Especially farmers who produced 4 kinds of plants including Thung Samrit jasmine rice, vegetable, medical plants (Finger root, red holy basil, and aloe vera), and cassava, respectively, were chosen as an alternative crop and a solving tool for this research area. This research was operated under the concept of Area Based Collaborative Research, integrating research and development cooperation with relevant agencies in both the public and private sectors through scientific research processes and technology in conjunction with participatory action research (PAR). Systematic analysis from ending point, middle point to starting point, for development of systematically linked along the supply chain.The 786 people in the target groups were developed included 116 Thung Sumrit jasmine rice farmers, 321 vegetable gardeners, 61 medicinal plants farmers, 34 cassava farmers, and 254 people who were unemployed due to the impact of the Covid-19 situation. The results achieved in this research showed that

1). Business model development for Thung Sumrit jasmine rice, vegetable garden, herbs, and cassava for farmers upgrading careers and creating new career options for the unemployed and those affected by COVID-19 in Nakhon Ratchasima Province was performed. The business model/system development model and a mechanism for raising production standards were gained from this research. Processing and marketing for quality improvement and ready to deliver the linking in each chain of development by applying knowledge of science, technology, and innovation to up-skill/re-skill for target farmers and general people affected by the Covid-19 situation. The research was performed under the concept of an improvement of production standards, processing, and marketing, respectively. The production part is driven under basic organic agriculture standards of Nakhon Ratchasima Province (Korat Organic Standard: KOS) and development to gain the other standards to raise the quality of Thung Sumrit jasmine rice, vegetable garden, medicinal plants, and cassava. In addition, the raising of standards of processed products to be certified by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
2) Process of revenue increasing /costs reducing/productivity increasing by using microbial fertilizers to reduce the production cost of replacing chemicals fertilizers. The result reveals that pH was 3.5 and the conductivity was 14.96 microsamines obtained in biofertilizer. The content of macronutrients and micronutrients in biofertilizer were nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and obtained at a rather high concentration, especially calcium, magnesium, and nitrogen, respectively as well as free IAA plant growth regulators whereas free Cytokinin GA3 cannot be found. Metagenomics analysis of bacterial diversity 32 OTUs were obtained. The species richness (Chao1 richness) was 32, Shannon index was 2.683, and Gini-Simpson index was 0.743 with 3 Phylum, 5 Class, 8 Family, 14 Genus, and 27 Species. The major bacteria are Acetobacter ghanensis and Lactobacillus kitasatonis. Resulting in the utilization of biofertilizer for the cultivation of Thung Sumrit jasmine rice, Vegetables and herbs found that the liquid biofertilizer concentration in the ratio of 1:1000 had the highest germination rate and strength index of 100 percent and 6726, respectively, while the pigment content was high.
3) A total of 6 products were developed into value-added products by processing from Thung Samrit jasmine rice, vegetables, and herbs included
(1). Thung Samrit jasmine rice tea was certified by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with No. 3010584260006
(2). Red basil tea has been certified by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with No. 3010584260005.
(3). Processing of protein-fortified vegetable products for value-added products from degraded lettuce. The processing of degraded vegetables has evolved into 2 prototypes of snacks such as 1) fish protein supplementation and 2) soy protein supplementation.
(4). Extraction of essences in chili and yellow galangal
(5). Concentrated white finger root juice and
(6) white finger root juice mixed with aloe vera gel concentrate.
4) A model for developing cassava stalks with potential resistance to pest infestation and building a logistics network database was performed with a chain of responsibility for farmers, buyers, and sellers who planted cleaned cassava pods in Nakhon Ratchasima province. Information and communication technology (ICT) was used. A mobile computing system, processing, and data analysis with artificial intelligence (AI) systems have created innovations for cassava farmers. The results from this research can be used systematically in management. It can be enhanced the efficiency in the supply chain of cleaned cassava rods from the planting process, surveillance, and maintenance to harvesting as well as tracing the epidemic that attracts cassava. Moreover, the stakeholder involved in the system gained confidence in buying and selling, convenience in obtaining useful information for trade, and save cost, time, and travel expenses in management. It can also reduce human contact and exposure during epidemics and the development of a traceability system for the cassava cultivar chain of responsibility in Nakhon Ratchasima Province. In addition, the results can be shown the coordinates of the cassava plots of all farmers, buyers, and sellers tracing with attribution of cleaned rod distribution direction, and production volume. As well as the quality of management in the logistics system of the supply chain of the species. The data is stored and processed online through the cloud computing network. In addition, farmers can import data by themselves through an application that has been developed.
5) The development of integrated marketing with technology and innovation was developed by O2O (online to offline) marketing channels with the Nakhon Ratchasima Provincial Commercial Office. Thung Samrit jasmine rice, vegetable garden, and herbs established by KOS standards were sole at various exhibitions. The developing knowledge and skills to transform into knowledge worker or Up Skill / Re Skill was conducted for farmers and people affected by the Covid-19 situation is a seller and increases selling potential on online marketing channels. The business model of this research was the upgrading of the standard of Thung Sumrit jasmine rice, vegetables, herbs, and processed products with basic organic agriculture standards of Nakhon Ratchasima Province (KOS) and standards of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The increasing marketing channels can be droved business models. The development model is a system and mechanism for cooperation toward the integration of the provincial development plan in the development of Thung Sumrit jasmine rice, vegetable, herbs, and cassava in Nakhon Ratchasima Province. The research leads to an increase in income and quality of life of the provincial grassroots farmers in Nakhon Ratchasima. Especially in the target group has been developed according to the research able to raise income by at least 10,000 baht /per household. The research leads to expansion and supporting mechanisms to monitor and review the performance together to bring the results to improve Nakhon Ratchasima Province and networking mechanisms for further joint development.