การพัฒนาศักยภาพและยกระดับห่วงโซ่คุณค่าผลิตภัณฑ์มูลค่าสูงจากข้าวของวิสาหกิจชุมชนในจังหวัดฉะเชิงเทรา

Title

The Potential Development and Value Chain Enhancement of High Value Products from Rice of Community Enterprises in Chachoengsao Province

Keywords

rice value chain,rice value added,rice supply chain,rice community enterprise,commnuniy enterprise rice mill

Abstract

The series of research projects entitled: the potential development and value chain enhancement of high-value products from rice of community enterprises in Chachoengsao province aimed to

1) analyze the efficiency of community enterprises rice supply chain management.
2) analyze the cost, return, added value, and distribution of income in the jasmine rice supply chain of community enterprises.
3) provide guidelines on rice value chain development of community enterprises.
4) monitor and assess the impact on the new supply chain development on community enterprises and member farmers.

This research was conducted in five community enterprises (CE) in Chachoengsao Province, namely; Ban Nong Saeng Community Rice Mill, Ban Bueng Takhe Farmers Housewives Group, Ban Na Ngam Community Mill, Ban Hin Rae’s Self-Reliant Organic Agriculture, and Sanamchaikhet Organic Agriculture Group, The data were collected from interviews, group discussions, and brainstorming sessions, analyzed and feedback the result to the CE’s leaders, to discuss, summary of knowledge and discover methods to add value to rice of the community enterprises in accordance with area contexts derived from the requirement of community enterprises (Demand-Pull) and developing new processed products mainly from market demand (Market-Pull), The results of the analysis of partners in the vacuum bagged rice supply chain of community enterprises consisting of farmers, rice growers and community enterprises acting as both collectors. processors and distributors. It was found that each community enterprise has not developed a variety of rice products to create added value, the packaging is not yet beautiful. Lack of their own distribution channel, and lack of customer information to improve and develop products to meet market demand. From collecting and analyzing the cost data of vacuum-packed rice production of the five community enterprises, it was found that, in general, the cost of rice was the highest proportion accounting for 82.46% of the total cost. This was followed by the cost of vacuum bags at 6.35% and the cost of stickers at 4.06% of the total cost. In terms of the return from sales of vacuum bagged rice of community enterprises after deducting cost of sales and selling and administrative expenses, the community enterprises Community enterprises with operating profits but they had low liquidity. Three community enterprises, namely Ban Nong Saeng Community Enterprise, Ban Bueng Ta Khe and Ban Na Ngam, had net profits of 25 percent, 12.61 percent and 6.9 percent of sales, respectively, while the other two community enterprises were enterprises. The community at Ban Hin Rae and Sanam Chaikhet found that there was no net profit from the packaged rice business. When considering the income proportions of each party, the value chain, processors, distributors, and distributors gained the value-added. Product sellers to the consumers was actors who acquired the most income proportion. At the same time, vacuum-packed brown rice berries were products of community enterprises with the highest percentage of partners income in the value chain. However, the highest proportion of revenue in distributors downstream of the supply chain was distributed to midstream activities to be used as working capital in privatization, packaging, and finding markets to support the products of community enterprises. Guidelines for upgrading the vacuum bagged rice business value chain of important community enterprises are divided into 6 aspects as follows.

1) production aspects, by developing the original to be ready to enter the commercial market more by developing packaging, building a brand, and building a traceability system.
2) new product development aspects, to create added value. The new processed products were developed based on wisdom and market demand, such as Thai noodled dried, and rice cereal, which can be developed into prototypes through consumer tasting tests, but still cannot be commercially, since faced the limitation of investment in technology and certification of production standards. While the rice berry flour products can be commercially.
3) Marketing aspects, by expanding online marketing channels in the form of Market place and building a marketing network with Chao Khun Farm by KMITL, developing community shops and establishing a community green market to become a place to sell products of the community and exchanging knowledge between producers and consumers in the community.
4) information development aspects, to be used in decision making in production planning, including rice production database via Mobile Application, financial status of community enterprises and household accounting records.
5) Public relations media aspects, both in print media, brochures, vinyl and digital media. to disseminate product information of community enterprises to become more known.
6) knowledge transfer and workshops to build capacity of community enterprises.

The results of raising the value added of rice and processed products of community enterprises found that

1) There are more partners involved in the rice value chain of community enterprises, such as market place, an online marketing space operated in the form of social enterprises, and Farm Chao Khun by KMITL, which is a marketing network and product branding of community enterprises.
2) Develop original products (Vacuum bagged rice) by developing packaging and packing shapes that are commercially available and entering new markets.
3) Expand marketing channels; community stores, community green market and online marketing channel, 4) Develop new products-Processing Rice berry Flour that can be sold commercially.
5) having additional income such as making Thai desserts, growing vegetables, and basketry for packing bags of rice as souvenirs.

As a result of the above upgrading of your chain, the increase in direct income is as follows: Revenue from sales of vacuum bagged rice increased in the amount of 954 kilograms with a total sales value of 58,110 baht and organic rice berry flour processing products. From selling in the market during a period of 2 months (July – August 2021), it was found that sales of 50 kilograms were 120 baht each, with a total value of 6,000 baht. And directly affecting the reduction of direct costs, namely the cost of packing bags is reduced between 0.5-1.5 baht per kilogram. The model of income distribution to member farmers is that community enterprises can purchase more paddy from member farmers. to be processed and distributed in new marketing channels. In addition, the results of the analysis of the return on investment (ROI) of the projects for the 5 community enterprises found that the ROI ranged from 19.53% to 70.49%. The community enterprise at Chaikhet Sanam has the highest return on investment due to no investment in rice mills, the product has production standards, and there are stores that consumers know and can easily access. While the group with the highest social return on investment (SROI) was Ban Nong Saeng Community Enterprise, 31.13 times, that is, 1 baht of investment invested in the project. Can create social benefits with a value of 31.13 baht because the products of the members produce rice under the Organic Thailand standard and is a community enterprise with the most 46 members. As a result of the above upgrading of your chain, the increase in direct income is as follows: Revenue from sales of vacuum bagged rice increased in the amount of 954 kilograms with a total sales value of 58,110 baht and organic rice berry flour processing products. From selling in the market during a period of 2 months (July – August 2021), it was found that sales of 50 kilograms were 120 baht each, with a total value of 6,000 baht. And directly affecting the reduction of direct costs, namely the cost of packing bags is reduced between 0.5-1.5 baht per kilogram. The model of income distribution to member farmers is that community enterprises can purchase more paddy from member farmers. to be processed and distributed in new marketing channels. In addition, the results of the analysis of the return on investment (ROI) of the projects for the 5 community enterprises found that the ROI ranged from 11.04% to 37.41%. The community enterprise at Chaikhet Sanam has the highest return on investment due to no investment in rice mills, the product has production standards, and there are stores that consumers know and can easily access. While the group with the highest social return on investment (SROI) was Ban Nong Saeng Community Enterprise, 31.13 times, that is, 1 baht of investment invested in the project can create social benefits with a value of 31.13 baht because the products of the members produce rice under the Organic Thailand standard and is a community enterprise with the most 46 members. The main point to recommend improving rice and processed business operations of important community enterprises are;

1. community enterprises should apply empirical data and knowledge by planning the production to produce products in line with the market demand.
2. Develop processed products from this project activity, including rice berry flour, dried Thai noodles, and rice cereals can enter the market and have standards to support.
3. Enhance business skills to a leader to increased business liquidity.
4. The platform to enhance the community enterprise rice business should be expanded to other agricultural activities, and neighbor community enterprise.

Keyword : value chain, rice value added products, rice packed in vacuum bags, community enterprise, return cost, income distribution