การวิจัยเพื่อพัฒนาพื้นที่จังหวัดสุรินทร์เพื่อแก้ไขปัญหาความยากจนแบบเบ็ดเสร็จและแม่นยำ

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Abstract

The objectives of this research were.

1. to support the establishment of a poverty information system and to monitor the aid provided,
2. to design a mechanism, research processes and tools in area-based development to support work, aid and poverty alleviation,
3. to follow up and analyze data on the poor and reinforce area-based development mechanisms to alleviate poverty.
4. to synthesis of area data at the household level. Area-based work on poverty alleviation in Surin Province to make area-based policy recommendations was done by a research process that combines quantitative and qualitative processes.

Quantitative data collection method composed of survey, data record by questionnaire of target poor households in 17 districts in Surin province from TPMAP and Family Folder databases for 13,704 households. Qualitative data collection methods included interviews, community database studies (Village Profile), data review, small group discussion, brainstorming meeting, village community meeting, lesson-learned scrutinize workshop, data delivery, and carried out pilot projects with network partners to solve poverty problems in Surin province. It was found that.

1) The establishment of the “Surin Poverty Database” information system for poor households was based on participant review. It could be used as a common database between the relevant mechanisms. Surin province had 13,704 poor households, accounting for 3.44 percent of all households. The area with the highest proportion, at 16.69 %, of poor households was Phanom Dong Rak District. The poverty was classified into 4 groups according to the characteristics of poor households in different contexts, both in municipal and non-municipal areas, namely, barely-survive/dependent group, hard living group, livable group, and well-being/not-poor group.

2) Mechanisms and information transmission systems to assist the poor in concrete operated through government coordination, civil society, clergy and the private sector. There were such as the “Baan Tham Ruam Jai” project for the homeless, project to pass on orthosis and prosthesis to the elderly and disabled, integrating and forwarding information to Community Organization Development Institutions (Public Organization) (Por-Or-Chor) to repair the home of the poor and to forward the information to Community Health Center and Tambon Health Promoting Hospital to help the sick and disabled.

3) Addressing poverty at the local level with 2 pilot projects to address poverty in both areas. The urban poverty alleviation model used a 3-step approach: Cope with household problems, Adapt by develop the way of living of people in the community to lead to change and ready to grow (Transform) by creating new supplementary occupations. The model to alleviate poverty in the rural community focused on the analysis of life maps leading to household management for self-sufficiency through the exchange of knowledge between the villager sages and the model households.

4) Synthesis of area data at the household level by reviewing all five dimensions of poverty data, including health index; It was found that the poor over the age of 60 were bedridden patients accounted for 4.01%. The well-being index; It was found that the poor households had no land to cultivate, accounted for 45.67%. Education index; It was found that only 20.67% of the poor graduated higher than compulsory education. Income index; It was found that most of the poor, up to 85.17%, had an unstable income. It was found that 47.58% of the poor depended solely on state welfare. Between municipal areas (2.53) and non-municipal areas (2.64), the similarities in order from greatest to least were physical capital, social capital, financial capital, human capital and natural resource capital.

5) Recommendations.
(1) Community volunteer-based data review confirms comprehensive and accurate information on the poor.
(2) Integration to help the poor should use the same set of databases.
(3) The dimensions of assistance for poor people must not “help” for specific cases, but the goal must be emphasized for the poor to “help themselves”
(4) Dismantling the One Size Fits All problem-solving practices.