การวิจัยเพื่อพัฒนาพื้นที่เพื่อแก้ไขปัญหาความยากจนแบบเบ็ดเสร็จและแม่นยำ ในพื้นที่จังหวัดแม่ฮ่องสอน

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Abstract

A research project to develop an area for a comprehensive and accurate poverty alleviation. In the area of Mae Hong Son Province, year 2020, the period of operation (15 months) has research results according to the following objectives.

1. Supporting the establishment of a poverty information system and monitoring assistance in solving poverty problems in Mae Hong Son Province. The target group of the poor population survey using TPMAP database and community-based targeted data were analyzed for the sustainable livelihoods strategy, totaling 13,643 households. We reviewed TPMAPs systemic targets of 10,129 out of 20,924 households and conducted a more aggressive search of 3,514 households with a total number of 52,271 households (as of August 1, 2021). It was found that poor households in Mae Hong Son Province had an average total potential of 2.18. After categorizing the five dimensions of potential, natural capital had the highest potential at 2.89, followed by physical capital at 2.78 and human resource capital at 2.78. 1.82 Social capital was at 1.70 and financial capital had relatively low potential at 1.71, respectively.
2. Mechanism design research process and spatial development tools to support work to help solve poverty problems in Mae Hong Son Province
   2.1) Provincial level mechanisms to integrate the work of relevant agencies and formulate a strategy Strategies to alleviate poverty by using data from the research project as a support base for work This allows working groups at the provincial level to start planning work more accurately and quickly. Relevant government agencies that play a direct role and mission in solving the poverty problem of Mae Hong Son Province. Providing the Center for Poverty Eradication and Sustainable Development of People of All Ages According to the philosophy of Sufficiency Economy Mae Hong Son Province To support relevant sectors under the mission of urgent assistance, such as the number of people with 3,552 dilapidated homes, households with disabilities and the elderly. to the Office of Social Development and Human Security, Mae Hong Son Province To plan to provide assistance with institutions, community development organizations.
   2.2) Area-level mechanisms have developed a process to drive the model to solve spatial poverty. It is the process of developing problems in solving poverty from the participation of the area and the people who are the owners of the problem. in presenting their own problems and needs and participation in driving with the network organizations that support together with the use of a comprehensive and accurate poverty alleviation platform of the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation. alue Chain Development and Model Experimental Process for Huai Pu Ling Subdistrict Creation of agroforestry economy system on highlands and establishment of water fund and the model of invasion to solve until Mae Suat Subdistrict To drive the potential cost of natural resources and biodiversity, which are the strengths of Mae Hong Son Province and in accordance with the development guidelines that affect the sustainability of the environment, society, economic foundations. and helping to drive holistic economic development (BCG Model) in 3 dimensions including bioeconomy, bio-economy systems Focus on using biological resources to create added value. By emphasizing the development of high-value products connected to the circular economy, taking into account the use of various materials as much as possible, and both of these economies are under the Green Economy by using the cost of biological and cultural diversity.
3. Monitoring, analyzing data on the poor and supporting the spatial development mechanism for solving the poverty problem of Mae Hong Son Province. Results of a score-level study classified by sustainable cost of living in the area of Mae Hong Son Province There were survey results in 5 different dimensions: human resource capital, physical capital, financial capital. natural capital and social capital Based on the information on poverty problems, the researcher analyzed the hardships of four groups of poor households. Consisting of 156 households, 442 people, 11,944 households, 41,574 people, 1,557 families, 5,832 people and the well-being group, it was found that there were no households in the well-being group.
4. Synthesis of area data at the household level and spatial work to solve poverty problems in Mae Hong Son Province in order to make spatial policy recommendations. The results of the study have policy recommendations as follows.
   4.1) States should support local decentralization policies and improve regulations. Legislation necessary for the political, economic, social and natural resource environment of Mae Hong Son Province for infrastructure development. Support the budget needed by poor households to support access to the resource capital needed to develop and enhance the capacity of poor households. In addition, there should be a policy to create the growth of small towns in terms of administrative structure and economic system to reduce the disparity between large provinces and small provinces. able to hold people to be able to do various occupations in the area to develop their own local community.
   4.2.) Should integrate information on household poverty potential among agencies. Inter-agency budget and resources in Mae Hong Son Province To promote the efficiency and continuity of solving the problem of inequality and poverty in a sustainable manner. Using the household-based Anti-poverty Intervention, the measures should be continued for at least 3-10 years.
   4.3) The state should have a strategic plan to restore the capacity of poor households after the coronavirus situation. Create an economic buffer and stability in life. to poor households, such as the community welfare system, the right to access complex resources Developing the capacity of young people using existing capital capacity to address long-term cross-generational poverty, which is the development of the workforce according to the 20-year National Development Strategy and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
   4.4) There should be a joint spatial development management system between the state and the community. to solve problems or develop local communities.
   4.5) Should support important capital for living It consists of human capital, financial capital, physical capital, natural capital and social capital to be strong. Including the development of new capital to support the adaptation of poor households in the current situation that requires modern capital management adjustments and building capacity for environmental natural resource management. new that can create economic value.